bennett



(No Model.)

` 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. G.'H. BENNETT.`

PUMP.

y A `UNiTnn STATESPATENT GEORGE H. BENNETT, F CINCINNATI, CHIC.

Pun/1P.`

EtPlElCl'lCATIGN forming' part of Letters Patent No. 330,669, dated November 1"?, 1885.

Application filed August 15, 1885. Serial No. 174,465.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, Gnonon H. BENNETT, a citizen of the United States, residing atCineinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have'invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pumps, of whichv the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specication.

My invention relates to an improvement in that class'of pumps in which air is forced into a vessel containing the water and the water driven out and lifted by the pressure of the air.

It consists, rst, in the novel arrangement and construction of the air-pump for forcing the air into the vessel containing the water;

second, in the construction of the reservoir or air-chamber for confining the air and water in the well or cistern; third, in the arrangement and construction of the valves, floats, and balance to permit the escape of air and entrance of water in the chambers automatically; and, fourth, in the novel construction of the pumping-lever or pump-handle.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, in section,- of the frame, airpump and air-chamber. Fig. 2 is a side elevationvof the airpun1p above ground, and a front elevation, in section, ofthe air-chambers inthe well, and the ioats and automatic cutoff valves for opening and closingv the airchambers.` Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the automatic balance for operating the valves. Fig. 4 is a `larger sectional view of the cut-off valve and connections.l

The same letters of reference are used to indicate identical parts'in all the figures. y A is aframe supporting the air-pump. B is an air-cylinder yin which works the piston-` head C. The lower'end oi the piston-rod Cv is pivoted to the curved reciprocating arm D, which is moved up and downby the lever E.'

The reciprocating `arm D is provided with a cross-piedad, Fig. 2, the ends of which lit into the upright guides F, by which the pis- `ton-,rod is held parallel with the cylinder B.

The piston-head C is provided with a valve which freely opens upward, so that as the piston is drawn downV air-enters the cylinder air to pass through the pipe I.

[No model.)

through the valve, which closes as soon as the piston is moved up by the downward pressure of the air within the cylinder. Connected with the cylinder'B by the pipe I-I is a smaller air-cylinder, G, arovided with a piston operated by a reciprocating arm, D, in the same manner as the cylinder B, the arm D being connected to the lever E, as shown. The fulcrum end of the lever or pump-handle E is in the form of a. sector pivoted at its center to the frame at c. To one arm of this sector is attached the reciprocating arm D, and to the other the arm D', so thatas the arm D is moved up by the lever E the reciprocating arm D is moved down, and vice versa. The pistonhead of the cylinder G is made solid and tight` At the head of the cylinder B, between the cylinder and pipe II, is aloose valve, b, opening upward, so as' to give free egress to the air, lout to prevent its ingress from the pipe H. As the piston C is driven up in the cylinder B, air is forced through the valve at b and the pipe II into the cylinder G. The cylinder G is madeabout one-half the size of the cylinder C, so ythat the air beingforced into the cylinder G is compressed to one-half its atmosphericvolume. The relative size of the two cylinders may be varied, though I find that about two to one produces the most satisfactory result.

Connected with the pipe H is a pipe, I, provided with a valve at h. This valve at it is weighted or gaged to remain closed and resist vthe pressure ordinarily producedr by the air from the cylinder B alone, but to open when pressure from the cylinder G is added to the pressure from the cylinder C, and permit the It will often be found that the backward pressure from the pipe Iwill alone hold the valve at h closed against the pressure from the cylinder B until the cylinder G has been filled with compressed IGC) end extending almost to the bottom of thev chamber K, the upper end being carried to any point to which it is desired to pump and discharge the water. As the lever E is worked and the air driven through the tube or pipe I into the chamber K, it presses downward on the water and forces it out through the pipe M. By the use of the two cylinders C and G the force of the pump is greatly increased, the power produced being almost double in proportion to the power consumed in operating the lever, the natural elasticity of the air making the force even and constant.

While air is being forced into and water out of the chamber K the valve L remainsY closed by the downward pressure on it, and when the water has all been forced out ofthe chamber the air must be allowed to escape to permit it to refill with water. This may be done by opening the cock N in pipe I, when the air will escape rapidly, or a small opening in the chamber may be made, as shown at k. `This opening 1s made so small as not to permit the escape of sufficient air to materially 'affect the working of the pump when in operation, but to allow the air to escape slowly when the pump is idle. The air thus escaping into the water of the well passes up and lout and serves to aerate and purify the water. Where desired, a cock may be placed in the top of the chamber K and controlled by a rod eX- tending up out of the well, and this cock may be opened to permit the rapid escape of the air into the water in the well for 'the purpose of aerating it.

The air-pump may be locatedat any point and at any distance from the well. The pipe I may be made iieXible and the .air-pump;

moved about as convenient; or thesame pump may be used for several wells or cisterns byy connecting them all with the pipe I. If-E the air-pump is large enough, water :may be pumpedfrom all at the same time; or by simple stop-cocks in the pipe Ithe connection with one or more of the wells may be shut off at pleasure. By the use of the sunken chamber K the pump may be used to lift water from any creek orlake, the pump remainingy at any distance away.- A pump operated by steam and Vlocated upon land may be connected Aby pipes with a chamber, K, out in alake a mile or two from land, and pump aseffectively as if situated immediately over the chamber K.

Where it is desired to avoid the loss of time caused by waiting for the chamberK to refill with water after having been emptied-that is, to make the iiow of water constant-I use two chambers, P and Q, Fig. 2. The air-pipe I then, instead of opening directly into the chambers P and Q, opens into a valve-chamber, B, attached to any convenient support above the chambers by the lugs w" r. From this valve-chamber extend two pipes, T and V, one into the chamber P and the other `into the chamber Q. Within this valve-chamber R is a valve or key, It', which may be turned to connect the pipe I with the pipe T or pipe V, as desired. The escape-pipe M is also divided so as to connect with both the air-chambers P and Q by the pipes m m. When the valve R is turned to connect the pipe I with the pipe T and chamber P, as shown in Fig. 2, the air is forced by the pump into the charnber P and the water out through the pipes m m. When the chamberP is emptied, the valve R is turned to connect the chamber Q in like manner. To permit the rapid escape of air from either chamber when not in use, the valve R is cut away, as shown, so that when the valve is turned to connect pipe I with pipe T and chamber P the air from chamber Q may escape through pipe V and out through U. In Fig. 2 the openings S'and U are shown eX- tended out in different'directions, so as to distribute the escaping air through the water in the Awell for the purpose of aeratingand purifying it. By simply turning the valve R the air-pump is connected with either chamber, while anescapeis provided for the air from the other chamber topermit it to rapidly rell with water. By -this arrangement there is always a-'chamber fullfof water to be drawn from, and it is not necessary to wait for a chambery to refill. vWhere it is desired, -of course another chamber lmayA be added and lconnected with theV pump in the same way.

In order to make this valve R act automatically -to connect eitherichamber, as the condition. ofthe zwater requires, I'provide a` T-shaped yoke,v-X, pivoted to an'upright'support at x.

IOC)

Fromy the ends of the arms of this yoke are suspended chainsor cords y y. -In each of thel chambersPv andQ is asuitably-weighted iioat, Z Z,which restson'the water in the' chamber, andV of course risesor falls therewith. From these ioats arearms passing through the ytop of the chambers and attached to the chains y y. Pivoted tothe support at the'same point as th'efyoke X is a balancing-arm, O,weighted f at its upper end, and whose lateral swing is limited by the guide O. The-lower end'of this swinging balance extends below the valve R', andis provided with lateral larms o o, at the ends ofV which are projecting pins or lugs.

Attached tothe lvalve R is a lever, R, ex-

tending downward, and by which the valve is turned inthe chamberR. Asthe swinging balance O- is turned tol the'right or'left, the pins or lugs on the arms o 0 catch the lever `'BW-and swing it to the right orleft, and` thus turn thevvalve R.

In operati'omas the chamber P, Fig. 2, from which water is being pumped while chamber Q is relling,is emptied,the iioat Z sinks lower andlower. As the oat Z is supported and lifted by the water entering the chamber Q, the sinking float Z will draw the arm Xlower and lower with it. The guide Ov and the :chains y Q/ are so adjusted in lengthA thatjust before the float Z reaches the bottom of the ychamberV P the weight atthe upper end of the IIO or pin on the arm o strikes against the lever R", so as to close the connection between the pipe I and the pipe T and open the connection between pipe I and pipe V, leaving the pipes T and S open for the escape of the air into the chamber 1?. The air being thus permitted to escape freely,the chamber P will fill with Water as rapidly or more rapidly than the chamber Q can be emptied. As the chamber Q is emptied, the float Zwill again sink, and the action of the swinging balance will be reversed. By this means there is always a supply of water in one of thc air-chambers, and the full chamber is automatically connected with the air-pump and a constant supply and uninterrupted flow of water secured.

The escaping air may be distributed by the pipes S and U through the well or cistern so as to constantly aerate the water and keep it pure and sweet.`

By using air for forcing the water in the' manner described the moment the pump stops all water in any of the pipes sinks to the level of the water in the Well, and there is no water left above ground to freeze. There are no valves exposed to the action of the Water under pressure,to be worn and cut by the sand in the water. The valve L at the bottom of the chamber, by reason of its simplicity and work, is subject to only a minimum wear, and will last without repair for an indenite time.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim- 1. The chambers l? Q, situated beneath the surface of the water and connected with an air-pump,in combination with the yoke X, carrying the weighted balance O and having its arms X X attached to iioats in the chambers, and at its lower end a cross-bar provided with lugs at each end to operate the valve R', substantially in the 'manner and for the purpose described.

2. The arm O and yoke X, swinging on the same pivot, the arms of the yoke X being attached to floats Z Z, and having at one end a 'weight and at the other a cross-arm provided with lugs tocatch and turn the valve-arm R, which. is attached to and operates the two-way valve R to open and close the connection between the chambers l? Q and air-pump, substantially as described.

GEORGE H. BENNETT.

Vitnesses EDWARD W. REcron, Oruro RICHTER.

i Countersigned:

Itis hereby certified that Letters Patent No. 330,669, granted November 17, 1885, upon the application of George H. Bennett, of Cincinnati, Ohio, for an improvement in' Pumpen was erroneously issued to said Bennett; that said Letters Patent should have been issued to the Bennett rf: Wilson Manufacturing Company, as assignee of said Bennett; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the casein the Patent Office.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 5th day of J anuairy, A. D. 1886.

[SEAL] H. L. MULDROW,4

Acting Secretary of the Interior.

R. B. VANcE,

Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

